Codebase list i3-gaps / 4d747c9 src / con.c
4d747c9

Tree @4d747c9 (Download .tar.gz)

con.c @4d747c9raw · history · blame

   1
   2
   3
   4
   5
   6
   7
   8
   9
  10
  11
  12
  13
  14
  15
  16
  17
  18
  19
  20
  21
  22
  23
  24
  25
  26
  27
  28
  29
  30
  31
  32
  33
  34
  35
  36
  37
  38
  39
  40
  41
  42
  43
  44
  45
  46
  47
  48
  49
  50
  51
  52
  53
  54
  55
  56
  57
  58
  59
  60
  61
  62
  63
  64
  65
  66
  67
  68
  69
  70
  71
  72
  73
  74
  75
  76
  77
  78
  79
  80
  81
  82
  83
  84
  85
  86
  87
  88
  89
  90
  91
  92
  93
  94
  95
  96
  97
  98
  99
 100
 101
 102
 103
 104
 105
 106
 107
 108
 109
 110
 111
 112
 113
 114
 115
 116
 117
 118
 119
 120
 121
 122
 123
 124
 125
 126
 127
 128
 129
 130
 131
 132
 133
 134
 135
 136
 137
 138
 139
 140
 141
 142
 143
 144
 145
 146
 147
 148
 149
 150
 151
 152
 153
 154
 155
 156
 157
 158
 159
 160
 161
 162
 163
 164
 165
 166
 167
 168
 169
 170
 171
 172
 173
 174
 175
 176
 177
 178
 179
 180
 181
 182
 183
 184
 185
 186
 187
 188
 189
 190
 191
 192
 193
 194
 195
 196
 197
 198
 199
 200
 201
 202
 203
 204
 205
 206
 207
 208
 209
 210
 211
 212
 213
 214
 215
 216
 217
 218
 219
 220
 221
 222
 223
 224
 225
 226
 227
 228
 229
 230
 231
 232
 233
 234
 235
 236
 237
 238
 239
 240
 241
 242
 243
 244
 245
 246
 247
 248
 249
 250
 251
 252
 253
 254
 255
 256
 257
 258
 259
 260
 261
 262
 263
 264
 265
 266
 267
 268
 269
 270
 271
 272
 273
 274
 275
 276
 277
 278
 279
 280
 281
 282
 283
 284
 285
 286
 287
 288
 289
 290
 291
 292
 293
 294
 295
 296
 297
 298
 299
 300
 301
 302
 303
 304
 305
 306
 307
 308
 309
 310
 311
 312
 313
 314
 315
 316
 317
 318
 319
 320
 321
 322
 323
 324
 325
 326
 327
 328
 329
 330
 331
 332
 333
 334
 335
 336
 337
 338
 339
 340
 341
 342
 343
 344
 345
 346
 347
 348
 349
 350
 351
 352
 353
 354
 355
 356
 357
 358
 359
 360
 361
 362
 363
 364
 365
 366
 367
 368
 369
 370
 371
 372
 373
 374
 375
 376
 377
 378
 379
 380
 381
 382
 383
 384
 385
 386
 387
 388
 389
 390
 391
 392
 393
 394
 395
 396
 397
 398
 399
 400
 401
 402
 403
 404
 405
 406
 407
 408
 409
 410
 411
 412
 413
 414
 415
 416
 417
 418
 419
 420
 421
 422
 423
 424
 425
 426
 427
 428
 429
 430
 431
 432
 433
 434
 435
 436
 437
 438
 439
 440
 441
 442
 443
 444
 445
 446
 447
 448
 449
 450
 451
 452
 453
 454
 455
 456
 457
 458
 459
 460
 461
 462
 463
 464
 465
 466
 467
 468
 469
 470
 471
 472
 473
 474
 475
 476
 477
 478
 479
 480
 481
 482
 483
 484
 485
 486
 487
 488
 489
 490
 491
 492
 493
 494
 495
 496
 497
 498
 499
 500
 501
 502
 503
 504
 505
 506
 507
 508
 509
 510
 511
 512
 513
 514
 515
 516
 517
 518
 519
 520
 521
 522
 523
 524
 525
 526
 527
 528
 529
 530
 531
 532
 533
 534
 535
 536
 537
 538
 539
 540
 541
 542
 543
 544
 545
 546
 547
 548
 549
 550
 551
 552
 553
 554
 555
 556
 557
 558
 559
 560
 561
 562
 563
 564
 565
 566
 567
 568
 569
 570
 571
 572
 573
 574
 575
 576
 577
 578
 579
 580
 581
 582
 583
 584
 585
 586
 587
 588
 589
 590
 591
 592
 593
 594
 595
 596
 597
 598
 599
 600
 601
 602
 603
 604
 605
 606
 607
 608
 609
 610
 611
 612
 613
 614
 615
 616
 617
 618
 619
 620
 621
 622
 623
 624
 625
 626
 627
 628
 629
 630
 631
 632
 633
 634
 635
 636
 637
 638
 639
 640
 641
 642
 643
 644
 645
 646
 647
 648
 649
 650
 651
 652
 653
 654
 655
 656
 657
 658
 659
 660
 661
 662
 663
 664
 665
 666
 667
 668
 669
 670
 671
 672
 673
 674
 675
 676
 677
 678
 679
 680
 681
 682
 683
 684
 685
 686
 687
 688
 689
 690
 691
 692
 693
 694
 695
 696
 697
 698
 699
 700
 701
 702
 703
 704
 705
 706
 707
 708
 709
 710
 711
 712
 713
 714
 715
 716
 717
 718
 719
 720
 721
 722
 723
 724
 725
 726
 727
 728
 729
 730
 731
 732
 733
 734
 735
 736
 737
 738
 739
 740
 741
 742
 743
 744
 745
 746
 747
 748
 749
 750
 751
 752
 753
 754
 755
 756
 757
 758
 759
 760
 761
 762
 763
 764
 765
 766
 767
 768
 769
 770
 771
 772
 773
 774
 775
 776
 777
 778
 779
 780
 781
 782
 783
 784
 785
 786
 787
 788
 789
 790
 791
 792
 793
 794
 795
 796
 797
 798
 799
 800
 801
 802
 803
 804
 805
 806
 807
 808
 809
 810
 811
 812
 813
 814
 815
 816
 817
 818
 819
 820
 821
 822
 823
 824
 825
 826
 827
 828
 829
 830
 831
 832
 833
 834
 835
 836
 837
 838
 839
 840
 841
 842
 843
 844
 845
 846
 847
 848
 849
 850
 851
 852
 853
 854
 855
 856
 857
 858
 859
 860
 861
 862
 863
 864
 865
 866
 867
 868
 869
 870
 871
 872
 873
 874
 875
 876
 877
 878
 879
 880
 881
 882
 883
 884
 885
 886
 887
 888
 889
 890
 891
 892
 893
 894
 895
 896
 897
 898
 899
 900
 901
 902
 903
 904
 905
 906
 907
 908
 909
 910
 911
 912
 913
 914
 915
 916
 917
 918
 919
 920
 921
 922
 923
 924
 925
 926
 927
 928
 929
 930
 931
 932
 933
 934
 935
 936
 937
 938
 939
 940
 941
 942
 943
 944
 945
 946
 947
 948
 949
 950
 951
 952
 953
 954
 955
 956
 957
 958
 959
 960
 961
 962
 963
 964
 965
 966
 967
 968
 969
 970
 971
 972
 973
 974
 975
 976
 977
 978
 979
 980
 981
 982
 983
 984
 985
 986
 987
 988
 989
 990
 991
 992
 993
 994
 995
 996
 997
 998
 999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
/*
 * vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
 *
 * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
 * © 2009 Michael Stapelberg and contributors (see also: LICENSE)
 *
 * con.c: Functions which deal with containers directly (creating containers,
 *        searching containers, getting specific properties from containers,
 *        …).
 *
 */
#include "all.h"
#include "yajl_utils.h"

static void con_on_remove_child(Con *con);

/*
 * force parent split containers to be redrawn
 *
 */
void con_force_split_parents_redraw(Con *con) {
    Con *parent = con;

    while (parent != NULL && parent->type != CT_WORKSPACE && parent->type != CT_DOCKAREA) {
        if (!con_is_leaf(parent)) {
            FREE(parent->deco_render_params);
        }

        parent = parent->parent;
    }
}

/*
 * Create a new container (and attach it to the given parent, if not NULL).
 * This function only initializes the data structures.
 *
 */
Con *con_new_skeleton(Con *parent, i3Window *window) {
    Con *new = scalloc(1, sizeof(Con));
    new->on_remove_child = con_on_remove_child;
    TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&all_cons, new, all_cons);
    new->type = CT_CON;
    new->window = window;
    new->border_style = config.default_border;
    new->current_border_width = -1;
    if (window) {
        new->depth = window->depth;
    } else {
        new->depth = root_depth;
    }
    DLOG("opening window\n");

    TAILQ_INIT(&(new->floating_head));
    TAILQ_INIT(&(new->nodes_head));
    TAILQ_INIT(&(new->focus_head));
    TAILQ_INIT(&(new->swallow_head));
    TAILQ_INIT(&(new->marks_head));

    if (parent != NULL)
        con_attach(new, parent, false);

    return new;
}

/* A wrapper for con_new_skeleton, to retain the old con_new behaviour
 *
 */
Con *con_new(Con *parent, i3Window *window) {
    Con *new = con_new_skeleton(parent, window);
    x_con_init(new);
    return new;
}

/*
 * Frees the specified container.
 *
 */
void con_free(Con *con) {
    free(con->name);
    FREE(con->deco_render_params);
    TAILQ_REMOVE(&all_cons, con, all_cons);
    while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->swallow_head))) {
        Match *match = TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->swallow_head));
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&(con->swallow_head), match, matches);
        match_free(match);
        free(match);
    }
    while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->marks_head))) {
        mark_t *mark = TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->marks_head));
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&(con->marks_head), mark, marks);
        FREE(mark->name);
        FREE(mark);
    }
    DLOG("con %p freed\n", con);
    free(con);
}

static void _con_attach(Con *con, Con *parent, Con *previous, bool ignore_focus) {
    con->parent = parent;
    Con *loop;
    Con *current = previous;
    struct nodes_head *nodes_head = &(parent->nodes_head);
    struct focus_head *focus_head = &(parent->focus_head);

    /* Workspaces are handled differently: they need to be inserted at the
     * right position. */
    if (con->type == CT_WORKSPACE) {
        DLOG("it's a workspace. num = %d\n", con->num);
        if (con->num == -1 || TAILQ_EMPTY(nodes_head)) {
            TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(nodes_head, con, nodes);
        } else {
            current = TAILQ_FIRST(nodes_head);
            if (con->num < current->num) {
                /* we need to insert the container at the beginning */
                TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(nodes_head, con, nodes);
            } else {
                while (current->num != -1 && con->num > current->num) {
                    current = TAILQ_NEXT(current, nodes);
                    if (current == TAILQ_END(nodes_head)) {
                        current = NULL;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                /* we need to insert con after current, if current is not NULL */
                if (current)
                    TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(current, con, nodes);
                else
                    TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(nodes_head, con, nodes);
            }
        }
        goto add_to_focus_head;
    }

    if (parent->type == CT_DOCKAREA) {
        /* Insert dock client, sorting alphanumerically by class and then
         * instance name. This makes dock client order deterministic. As a side
         * effect, bars without a custom bar id will be sorted according to
         * their declaration order in the config file. See #3491. */
        current = NULL;
        TAILQ_FOREACH (loop, nodes_head, nodes) {
            int result = strcasecmp_nullable(con->window->class_class, loop->window->class_class);
            if (result == 0) {
                result = strcasecmp_nullable(con->window->class_instance, loop->window->class_instance);
            }
            if (result < 0) {
                current = loop;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (current) {
            TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(loop, con, nodes);
        } else {
            TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(nodes_head, con, nodes);
        }
        goto add_to_focus_head;
    }

    if (con->type == CT_FLOATING_CON) {
        DLOG("Inserting into floating containers\n");
        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(parent->floating_head), con, floating_windows);
    } else {
        if (!ignore_focus) {
            /* Get the first tiling container in focus stack */
            TAILQ_FOREACH (loop, &(parent->focus_head), focused) {
                if (loop->type == CT_FLOATING_CON)
                    continue;
                current = loop;
                break;
            }
        }

        /* When the container is not a split container (but contains a window)
         * and is attached to a workspace, we check if the user configured a
         * workspace_layout. This is done in workspace_attach_to, which will
         * provide us with the container to which we should attach (either the
         * workspace or a new split container with the configured
         * workspace_layout).
         */
        if (con->window != NULL &&
            parent->type == CT_WORKSPACE &&
            parent->workspace_layout != L_DEFAULT) {
            DLOG("Parent is a workspace. Applying default layout...\n");
            Con *target = workspace_attach_to(parent);

            /* Attach the original con to this new split con instead */
            nodes_head = &(target->nodes_head);
            focus_head = &(target->focus_head);
            con->parent = target;
            current = NULL;

            DLOG("done\n");
        }

        /* Insert the container after the tiling container, if found.
         * When adding to a CT_OUTPUT, just append one after another. */
        if (current != NULL && parent->type != CT_OUTPUT) {
            DLOG("Inserting con = %p after con %p\n", con, current);
            TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(nodes_head, current, con, nodes);
        } else
            TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(nodes_head, con, nodes);
    }

add_to_focus_head:
    /* We insert to the TAIL because con_focus() will correct this.
     * This way, we have the option to insert Cons without having
     * to focus them. */
    TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(focus_head, con, focused);
    con_force_split_parents_redraw(con);
}

/*
 * Attaches the given container to the given parent. This happens when moving
 * a container or when inserting a new container at a specific place in the
 * tree.
 *
 * ignore_focus is to just insert the Con at the end (useful when creating a
 * new split container *around* some containers, that is, detaching and
 * attaching them in order without wanting to mess with the focus in between).
 *
 */
void con_attach(Con *con, Con *parent, bool ignore_focus) {
    _con_attach(con, parent, NULL, ignore_focus);
}

/*
 * Detaches the given container from its current parent
 *
 */
void con_detach(Con *con) {
    con_force_split_parents_redraw(con);
    if (con->type == CT_FLOATING_CON) {
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&(con->parent->floating_head), con, floating_windows);
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&(con->parent->focus_head), con, focused);
    } else {
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&(con->parent->nodes_head), con, nodes);
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&(con->parent->focus_head), con, focused);
    }
}

/*
 * Sets input focus to the given container. Will be updated in X11 in the next
 * run of x_push_changes().
 *
 */
void con_focus(Con *con) {
    assert(con != NULL);
    DLOG("con_focus = %p\n", con);

    /* 1: set focused-pointer to the new con */
    /* 2: exchange the position of the container in focus stack of the parent all the way up */
    TAILQ_REMOVE(&(con->parent->focus_head), con, focused);
    TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&(con->parent->focus_head), con, focused);
    if (con->parent->parent != NULL)
        con_focus(con->parent);

    focused = con;
    /* We can't blindly reset non-leaf containers since they might have
     * other urgent children. Therefore we only reset leafs and propagate
     * the changes upwards via con_update_parents_urgency() which does proper
     * checks before resetting the urgency.
     */
    if (con->urgent && con_is_leaf(con)) {
        con_set_urgency(con, false);
        con_update_parents_urgency(con);
        workspace_update_urgent_flag(con_get_workspace(con));
        ipc_send_window_event("urgent", con);
    }
}

/*
 * Raise container to the top if it is floating or inside some floating
 * container.
 *
 */
static void con_raise(Con *con) {
    Con *floating = con_inside_floating(con);
    if (floating) {
        floating_raise_con(floating);
    }
}

/*
 * Sets input focus to the given container and raises it to the top.
 *
 */
void con_activate(Con *con) {
    con_focus(con);
    con_raise(con);
}

/*
 * Activates the container like in con_activate but removes fullscreen
 * restrictions and properly warps the pointer if needed.
 *
 */
void con_activate_unblock(Con *con) {
    Con *ws = con_get_workspace(con);
    Con *previous_focus = focused;
    Con *fullscreen_on_ws = con_get_fullscreen_covering_ws(ws);

    if (fullscreen_on_ws && fullscreen_on_ws != con && !con_has_parent(con, fullscreen_on_ws)) {
        con_disable_fullscreen(fullscreen_on_ws);
    }

    con_activate(con);

    /* If the container is not on the current workspace, workspace_show() will
     * switch to a different workspace and (if enabled) trigger a mouse pointer
     * warp to the currently focused container (!) on the target workspace.
     *
     * Therefore, before calling workspace_show(), we make sure that 'con' will
     * be focused on the workspace. However, we cannot just con_focus(con)
     * because then the pointer will not be warped at all (the code thinks we
     * are already there).
     *
     * So we focus 'con' to make it the currently focused window of the target
     * workspace, then revert focus. */
    if (ws != con_get_workspace(previous_focus)) {
        con_activate(previous_focus);
        /* Now switch to the workspace, then focus */
        workspace_show(ws);
        con_activate(con);
    }
}

/*
 * Closes the given container.
 *
 */
void con_close(Con *con, kill_window_t kill_window) {
    assert(con != NULL);
    DLOG("Closing con = %p.\n", con);

    /* We never close output or root containers. */
    if (con->type == CT_OUTPUT || con->type == CT_ROOT) {
        DLOG("con = %p is of type %d, not closing anything.\n", con, con->type);
        return;
    }

    if (con->type == CT_WORKSPACE) {
        DLOG("con = %p is a workspace, closing all children instead.\n", con);
        Con *child, *nextchild;
        for (child = TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->focus_head)); child;) {
            nextchild = TAILQ_NEXT(child, focused);
            DLOG("killing child = %p.\n", child);
            tree_close_internal(child, kill_window, false);
            child = nextchild;
        }

        return;
    }

    tree_close_internal(con, kill_window, false);
}

/*
 * Returns true when this node is a leaf node (has no children)
 *
 */
bool con_is_leaf(Con *con) {
    return TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->nodes_head));
}

/*
 * Returns true when this con is a leaf node with a managed X11 window (e.g.,
 * excluding dock containers)
 */
bool con_has_managed_window(Con *con) {
    return (con != NULL && con->window != NULL && con->window->id != XCB_WINDOW_NONE && con_get_workspace(con) != NULL);
}

/*
 * Returns true if this node has regular or floating children.
 *
 */
bool con_has_children(Con *con) {
    return (!con_is_leaf(con) || !TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->floating_head)));
}

/*
 * Returns true if a container should be considered split.
 *
 */
bool con_is_split(Con *con) {
    if (con_is_leaf(con))
        return false;

    switch (con->layout) {
        case L_DOCKAREA:
        case L_OUTPUT:
            return false;

        default:
            return true;
    }
}

/*
 * This will only return true for containers which have some parent with
 * a tabbed / stacked parent of which they are not the currently focused child.
 *
 */
bool con_is_hidden(Con *con) {
    Con *current = con;

    /* ascend to the workspace level and memorize the highest-up container
     * which is stacked or tabbed. */
    while (current != NULL && current->type != CT_WORKSPACE) {
        Con *parent = current->parent;
        if (parent != NULL && (parent->layout == L_TABBED || parent->layout == L_STACKED)) {
            if (TAILQ_FIRST(&(parent->focus_head)) != current)
                return true;
        }

        current = parent;
    }

    return false;
}

/*
 * Returns whether the container or any of its children is sticky.
 *
 */
bool con_is_sticky(Con *con) {
    if (con->sticky)
        return true;

    Con *child;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
        if (con_is_sticky(child))
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}

/*
 * Returns true if this node accepts a window (if the node swallows windows,
 * it might already have swallowed enough and cannot hold any more).
 *
 */
bool con_accepts_window(Con *con) {
    /* 1: workspaces never accept direct windows */
    if (con->type == CT_WORKSPACE)
        return false;

    if (con_is_split(con)) {
        DLOG("container %p does not accept windows, it is a split container.\n", con);
        return false;
    }

    /* TODO: if this is a swallowing container, we need to check its max_clients */
    return (con->window == NULL);
}

/*
 * Gets the output container (first container with CT_OUTPUT in hierarchy) this
 * node is on.
 *
 */
Con *con_get_output(Con *con) {
    Con *result = con;
    while (result != NULL && result->type != CT_OUTPUT)
        result = result->parent;
    /* We must be able to get an output because focus can never be set higher
     * in the tree (root node cannot be focused). */
    assert(result != NULL);
    return result;
}

/*
 * Gets the workspace container this node is on.
 *
 */
Con *con_get_workspace(Con *con) {
    Con *result = con;
    while (result != NULL && result->type != CT_WORKSPACE)
        result = result->parent;
    return result;
}

/*
 * Searches parents of the given 'con' until it reaches one with the specified
 * 'orientation'. Aborts when it comes across a floating_con.
 *
 */
Con *con_parent_with_orientation(Con *con, orientation_t orientation) {
    DLOG("Searching for parent of Con %p with orientation %d\n", con, orientation);
    Con *parent = con->parent;
    if (parent->type == CT_FLOATING_CON)
        return NULL;
    while (con_orientation(parent) != orientation) {
        DLOG("Need to go one level further up\n");
        parent = parent->parent;
        /* Abort when we reach a floating con, or an output con */
        if (parent &&
            (parent->type == CT_FLOATING_CON ||
             parent->type == CT_OUTPUT ||
             (parent->parent && parent->parent->type == CT_OUTPUT)))
            parent = NULL;
        if (parent == NULL)
            break;
    }
    DLOG("Result: %p\n", parent);
    return parent;
}

/*
 * helper data structure for the breadth-first-search in
 * con_get_fullscreen_con()
 *
 */
struct bfs_entry {
    Con *con;

    TAILQ_ENTRY(bfs_entry) entries;
};

/*
 * Returns the first fullscreen node below this node.
 *
 */
Con *con_get_fullscreen_con(Con *con, fullscreen_mode_t fullscreen_mode) {
    Con *current, *child;

    /* TODO: is breadth-first-search really appropriate? (check as soon as
     * fullscreen levels and fullscreen for containers is implemented) */
    TAILQ_HEAD(bfs_head, bfs_entry) bfs_head = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(bfs_head);
    struct bfs_entry *entry = smalloc(sizeof(struct bfs_entry));
    entry->con = con;
    TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&bfs_head, entry, entries);

    while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&bfs_head)) {
        entry = TAILQ_FIRST(&bfs_head);
        current = entry->con;
        if (current != con && current->fullscreen_mode == fullscreen_mode) {
            /* empty the queue */
            while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&bfs_head)) {
                entry = TAILQ_FIRST(&bfs_head);
                TAILQ_REMOVE(&bfs_head, entry, entries);
                free(entry);
            }
            return current;
        }

        TAILQ_REMOVE(&bfs_head, entry, entries);
        free(entry);

        TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(current->nodes_head), nodes) {
            entry = smalloc(sizeof(struct bfs_entry));
            entry->con = child;
            TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&bfs_head, entry, entries);
        }

        TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(current->floating_head), floating_windows) {
            entry = smalloc(sizeof(struct bfs_entry));
            entry->con = child;
            TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&bfs_head, entry, entries);
        }
    }

    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Returns the fullscreen node that covers the given workspace if it exists.
 * This is either a CF_GLOBAL fullscreen container anywhere or a CF_OUTPUT
 * fullscreen container in the workspace.
 *
 */
Con *con_get_fullscreen_covering_ws(Con *ws) {
    if (!ws) {
        return NULL;
    }
    Con *fs = con_get_fullscreen_con(croot, CF_GLOBAL);
    if (!fs) {
        return con_get_fullscreen_con(ws, CF_OUTPUT);
    }
    return fs;
}

/*
 * Returns true if the container is internal, such as __i3_scratch
 *
 */
bool con_is_internal(Con *con) {
    return (con->name[0] == '_' && con->name[1] == '_');
}

/*
 * Returns true if the node is floating.
 *
 */
bool con_is_floating(Con *con) {
    assert(con != NULL);
    return (con->floating >= FLOATING_AUTO_ON);
}

/*
 * Returns true if the container is a docked container.
 *
 */
bool con_is_docked(Con *con) {
    if (con->parent == NULL)
        return false;

    if (con->parent->type == CT_DOCKAREA)
        return true;

    return con_is_docked(con->parent);
}

/*
 * Checks if the given container is either floating or inside some floating
 * container. It returns the FLOATING_CON container.
 *
 */
Con *con_inside_floating(Con *con) {
    assert(con != NULL);
    if (con->type == CT_FLOATING_CON)
        return con;

    if (con->floating >= FLOATING_AUTO_ON)
        return con->parent;

    if (con->type == CT_WORKSPACE || con->type == CT_OUTPUT)
        return NULL;

    return con_inside_floating(con->parent);
}

/*
 * Checks if the given container is inside a focused container.
 *
 */
bool con_inside_focused(Con *con) {
    if (con == focused)
        return true;
    if (!con->parent)
        return false;
    return con_inside_focused(con->parent);
}

/*
 * Checks if the container has the given parent as an actual parent.
 *
 */
bool con_has_parent(Con *con, Con *parent) {
    Con *current = con->parent;
    if (current == NULL) {
        return false;
    }

    if (current == parent) {
        return true;
    }

    return con_has_parent(current, parent);
}

/*
 * Returns the container with the given client window ID or NULL if no such
 * container exists.
 *
 */
Con *con_by_window_id(xcb_window_t window) {
    Con *con;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (con, &all_cons, all_cons) {
        if (con->window != NULL && con->window->id == window) {
            return con;
        }
    }
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Returns the container with the given container ID or NULL if no such
 * container exists.
 *
 */
Con *con_by_con_id(long target) {
    Con *con;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (con, &all_cons, all_cons) {
        if (con == (Con *)target) {
            return con;
        }
    }

    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Returns true if the given container (still) exists.
 * This can be used, e.g., to make sure a container hasn't been closed in the meantime.
 *
 */
bool con_exists(Con *con) {
    return con_by_con_id((long)con) != NULL;
}

/*
 * Returns the container with the given frame ID or NULL if no such container
 * exists.
 *
 */
Con *con_by_frame_id(xcb_window_t frame) {
    Con *con;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (con, &all_cons, all_cons) {
        if (con->frame.id == frame) {
            return con;
        }
    }
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Returns the container with the given mark or NULL if no such container
 * exists.
 *
 */
Con *con_by_mark(const char *mark) {
    Con *con;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (con, &all_cons, all_cons) {
        if (con_has_mark(con, mark))
            return con;
    }

    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Returns true if and only if the given containers holds the mark.
 *
 */
bool con_has_mark(Con *con, const char *mark) {
    mark_t *current;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (current, &(con->marks_head), marks) {
        if (strcmp(current->name, mark) == 0)
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}

/*
 * Toggles the mark on a container.
 * If the container already has this mark, the mark is removed.
 * Otherwise, the mark is assigned to the container.
 *
 */
void con_mark_toggle(Con *con, const char *mark, mark_mode_t mode) {
    assert(con != NULL);
    DLOG("Toggling mark \"%s\" on con = %p.\n", mark, con);

    if (con_has_mark(con, mark)) {
        con_unmark(con, mark);
    } else {
        con_mark(con, mark, mode);
    }
}

/*
 * Assigns a mark to the container.
 *
 */
void con_mark(Con *con, const char *mark, mark_mode_t mode) {
    assert(con != NULL);
    DLOG("Setting mark \"%s\" on con = %p.\n", mark, con);

    con_unmark(NULL, mark);
    if (mode == MM_REPLACE) {
        DLOG("Removing all existing marks on con = %p.\n", con);

        mark_t *current;
        while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->marks_head))) {
            current = TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->marks_head));
            con_unmark(con, current->name);
        }
    }

    mark_t *new = scalloc(1, sizeof(mark_t));
    new->name = sstrdup(mark);
    TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(con->marks_head), new, marks);
    ipc_send_window_event("mark", con);

    con->mark_changed = true;
}

/*
 * Removes marks from containers.
 * If con is NULL, all containers are considered.
 * If name is NULL, this removes all existing marks.
 * Otherwise, it will only remove the given mark (if it is present).
 *
 */
void con_unmark(Con *con, const char *name) {
    Con *current;
    if (name == NULL) {
        DLOG("Unmarking all containers.\n");
        TAILQ_FOREACH (current, &all_cons, all_cons) {
            if (con != NULL && current != con)
                continue;

            if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&(current->marks_head)))
                continue;

            mark_t *mark;
            while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(current->marks_head))) {
                mark = TAILQ_FIRST(&(current->marks_head));
                FREE(mark->name);
                TAILQ_REMOVE(&(current->marks_head), mark, marks);
                FREE(mark);

                ipc_send_window_event("mark", current);
            }

            current->mark_changed = true;
        }
    } else {
        DLOG("Removing mark \"%s\".\n", name);
        current = (con == NULL) ? con_by_mark(name) : con;
        if (current == NULL) {
            DLOG("No container found with this mark, so there is nothing to do.\n");
            return;
        }

        DLOG("Found mark on con = %p. Removing it now.\n", current);
        current->mark_changed = true;

        mark_t *mark;
        TAILQ_FOREACH (mark, &(current->marks_head), marks) {
            if (strcmp(mark->name, name) != 0)
                continue;

            FREE(mark->name);
            TAILQ_REMOVE(&(current->marks_head), mark, marks);
            FREE(mark);

            ipc_send_window_event("mark", current);
            break;
        }
    }
}

/*
 * Returns the first container below 'con' which wants to swallow this window
 * TODO: priority
 *
 */
Con *con_for_window(Con *con, i3Window *window, Match **store_match) {
    Con *child;
    Match *match;
    //DLOG("searching con for window %p starting at con %p\n", window, con);
    //DLOG("class == %s\n", window->class_class);

    TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
        TAILQ_FOREACH (match, &(child->swallow_head), matches) {
            if (!match_matches_window(match, window))
                continue;
            if (store_match != NULL)
                *store_match = match;
            return child;
        }
        Con *result = con_for_window(child, window, store_match);
        if (result != NULL)
            return result;
    }

    TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->floating_head), floating_windows) {
        TAILQ_FOREACH (match, &(child->swallow_head), matches) {
            if (!match_matches_window(match, window))
                continue;
            if (store_match != NULL)
                *store_match = match;
            return child;
        }
        Con *result = con_for_window(child, window, store_match);
        if (result != NULL)
            return result;
    }

    return NULL;
}

static int num_focus_heads(Con *con) {
    int focus_heads = 0;

    Con *current;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (current, &(con->focus_head), focused) {
        focus_heads++;
    }

    return focus_heads;
}

/*
 * Iterate over the container's focus stack and return an array with the
 * containers inside it, ordered from higher focus order to lowest.
 *
 */
Con **get_focus_order(Con *con) {
    const int focus_heads = num_focus_heads(con);
    Con **focus_order = smalloc(focus_heads * sizeof(Con *));
    Con *current;
    int idx = 0;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (current, &(con->focus_head), focused) {
        assert(idx < focus_heads);
        focus_order[idx++] = current;
    }

    return focus_order;
}

/*
 * Clear the container's focus stack and re-add it using the provided container
 * array. The function doesn't check if the provided array contains the same
 * containers with the previous focus stack but will not add floating containers
 * in the new focus stack if container is not a workspace.
 *
 */
void set_focus_order(Con *con, Con **focus_order) {
    int focus_heads = 0;
    while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->focus_head))) {
        Con *current = TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->focus_head));

        TAILQ_REMOVE(&(con->focus_head), current, focused);
        focus_heads++;
    }

    for (int idx = 0; idx < focus_heads; idx++) {
        /* Useful when encapsulating a workspace. */
        if (con->type != CT_WORKSPACE && con_inside_floating(focus_order[idx])) {
            focus_heads++;
            continue;
        }

        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(con->focus_head), focus_order[idx], focused);
    }
}

/*
 * Returns the number of children of this container.
 *
 */
int con_num_children(Con *con) {
    Con *child;
    int children = 0;

    TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
        children++;
    }

    return children;
}

/*
 * Returns the number of visible non-floating children of this container.
 * For example, if the container contains a hsplit which has two children,
 * this will return 2 instead of 1.
 */
int con_num_visible_children(Con *con) {
    if (con == NULL)
        return 0;

    int children = 0;
    Con *current = NULL;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (current, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
        /* Visible leaf nodes are a child. */
        if (!con_is_hidden(current) && con_is_leaf(current))
            children++;
        /* All other containers need to be recursed. */
        else
            children += con_num_visible_children(current);
    }

    return children;
}

/*
 * Count the number of windows (i.e., leaf containers).
 *
 */
int con_num_windows(Con *con) {
    if (con == NULL)
        return 0;

    if (con_has_managed_window(con))
        return 1;

    int num = 0;
    Con *current = NULL;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (current, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
        num += con_num_windows(current);
    }

    TAILQ_FOREACH (current, &(con->floating_head), floating_windows) {
        num += con_num_windows(current);
    }

    return num;
}

/*
 * Updates the percent attribute of the children of the given container. This
 * function needs to be called when a window is added or removed from a
 * container.
 *
 */
void con_fix_percent(Con *con) {
    Con *child;
    int children = con_num_children(con);

    // calculate how much we have distributed and how many containers
    // with a percentage set we have
    double total = 0.0;
    int children_with_percent = 0;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
        if (child->percent > 0.0) {
            total += child->percent;
            ++children_with_percent;
        }
    }

    // if there were children without a percentage set, set to a value that
    // will make those children proportional to all others
    if (children_with_percent != children) {
        TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
            if (child->percent <= 0.0) {
                if (children_with_percent == 0) {
                    total += (child->percent = 1.0);
                } else {
                    total += (child->percent = total / children_with_percent);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // if we got a zero, just distribute the space equally, otherwise
    // distribute according to the proportions we got
    if (total == 0.0) {
        TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
            child->percent = 1.0 / children;
        }
    } else if (total != 1.0) {
        TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
            child->percent /= total;
        }
    }
}

/*
 * Toggles fullscreen mode for the given container. If there already is a
 * fullscreen container on this workspace, fullscreen will be disabled and then
 * enabled for the container the user wants to have in fullscreen mode.
 *
 */
void con_toggle_fullscreen(Con *con, int fullscreen_mode) {
    if (con->type == CT_WORKSPACE) {
        DLOG("You cannot make a workspace fullscreen.\n");
        return;
    }

    DLOG("toggling fullscreen for %p / %s\n", con, con->name);

    if (con->fullscreen_mode == CF_NONE)
        con_enable_fullscreen(con, fullscreen_mode);
    else
        con_disable_fullscreen(con);
}

/*
 * Sets the specified fullscreen mode for the given container, sends the
 * “fullscreen_mode” event and changes the XCB fullscreen property of the
 * container’s window, if any.
 *
 */
static void con_set_fullscreen_mode(Con *con, fullscreen_mode_t fullscreen_mode) {
    con->fullscreen_mode = fullscreen_mode;

    DLOG("mode now: %d\n", con->fullscreen_mode);

    /* Send an ipc window "fullscreen_mode" event */
    ipc_send_window_event("fullscreen_mode", con);

    /* update _NET_WM_STATE if this container has a window */
    /* TODO: when a window is assigned to a container which is already
     * fullscreened, this state needs to be pushed to the client, too */
    if (con->window == NULL)
        return;

    if (con->fullscreen_mode != CF_NONE) {
        DLOG("Setting _NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN for con = %p / window = %d.\n", con, con->window->id);
        xcb_add_property_atom(conn, con->window->id, A__NET_WM_STATE, A__NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN);
    } else {
        DLOG("Removing _NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN for con = %p / window = %d.\n", con, con->window->id);
        xcb_remove_property_atom(conn, con->window->id, A__NET_WM_STATE, A__NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN);
    }
}

/*
 * Enables fullscreen mode for the given container, if necessary.
 *
 * If the container’s mode is already CF_OUTPUT or CF_GLOBAL, the container is
 * kept fullscreen but its mode is set to CF_GLOBAL and CF_OUTPUT,
 * respectively.
 *
 * Other fullscreen containers will be disabled first, if they hide the new
 * one.
 *
 */
void con_enable_fullscreen(Con *con, fullscreen_mode_t fullscreen_mode) {
    if (con->type == CT_WORKSPACE) {
        DLOG("You cannot make a workspace fullscreen.\n");
        return;
    }

    assert(fullscreen_mode == CF_GLOBAL || fullscreen_mode == CF_OUTPUT);

    if (fullscreen_mode == CF_GLOBAL)
        DLOG("enabling global fullscreen for %p / %s\n", con, con->name);
    else
        DLOG("enabling fullscreen for %p / %s\n", con, con->name);

    if (con->fullscreen_mode == fullscreen_mode) {
        DLOG("fullscreen already enabled for %p / %s\n", con, con->name);
        return;
    }

    Con *con_ws = con_get_workspace(con);

    /* Disable any fullscreen container that would conflict the new one. */
    Con *fullscreen = con_get_fullscreen_con(croot, CF_GLOBAL);
    if (fullscreen == NULL)
        fullscreen = con_get_fullscreen_con(con_ws, CF_OUTPUT);
    if (fullscreen != NULL)
        con_disable_fullscreen(fullscreen);

    /* Set focus to new fullscreen container. Unless in global fullscreen mode
     * and on another workspace restore focus afterwards.
     * Switch to the container’s workspace if mode is global. */
    Con *cur_ws = con_get_workspace(focused);
    Con *old_focused = focused;
    if (fullscreen_mode == CF_GLOBAL && cur_ws != con_ws)
        workspace_show(con_ws);
    con_activate(con);
    if (fullscreen_mode != CF_GLOBAL && cur_ws != con_ws)
        con_activate(old_focused);

    con_set_fullscreen_mode(con, fullscreen_mode);
}

/*
 * Disables fullscreen mode for the given container regardless of the mode, if
 * necessary.
 *
 */
void con_disable_fullscreen(Con *con) {
    if (con->type == CT_WORKSPACE) {
        DLOG("You cannot make a workspace fullscreen.\n");
        return;
    }

    DLOG("disabling fullscreen for %p / %s\n", con, con->name);

    if (con->fullscreen_mode == CF_NONE) {
        DLOG("fullscreen already disabled for %p / %s\n", con, con->name);
        return;
    }

    con_set_fullscreen_mode(con, CF_NONE);
}

static bool _con_move_to_con(Con *con, Con *target, bool behind_focused, bool fix_coordinates, bool dont_warp, bool ignore_focus, bool fix_percentage) {
    Con *orig_target = target;

    /* Prevent moving if this would violate the fullscreen focus restrictions. */
    Con *target_ws = con_get_workspace(target);
    if (!ignore_focus && !con_fullscreen_permits_focusing(target_ws)) {
        LOG("Cannot move out of a fullscreen container.\n");
        return false;
    }

    if (con_is_floating(con)) {
        DLOG("Container is floating, using parent instead.\n");
        con = con->parent;
    }

    Con *source_ws = con_get_workspace(con);

    if (con->type == CT_WORKSPACE) {
        /* Re-parent all of the old workspace's floating windows. */
        Con *child;
        while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(source_ws->floating_head))) {
            child = TAILQ_FIRST(&(source_ws->floating_head));
            con_move_to_workspace(child, target_ws, true, true, false);
        }

        /* If there are no non-floating children, ignore the workspace. */
        if (con_is_leaf(con))
            return false;

        con = workspace_encapsulate(con);
        if (con == NULL) {
            ELOG("Workspace failed to move its contents into a container!\n");
            return false;
        }
    }

    /* Save the urgency state so that we can restore it. */
    bool urgent = con->urgent;

    /* Save the current workspace. So we can call workspace_show() by the end
     * of this function. */
    Con *current_ws = con_get_workspace(focused);

    Con *source_output = con_get_output(con),
        *dest_output = con_get_output(target_ws);

    /* 1: save the container which is going to be focused after the current
     * container is moved away */
    Con *focus_next = NULL;
    if (!ignore_focus && source_ws == current_ws && target_ws != source_ws) {
        focus_next = con_descend_focused(source_ws);
        if (focus_next == con || con_has_parent(focus_next, con)) {
            focus_next = con_next_focused(con);
        }
    }

    /* 2: we go up one level, but only when target is a normal container */
    if (target->type != CT_WORKSPACE) {
        DLOG("target originally = %p / %s / type %d\n", target, target->name, target->type);
        target = target->parent;
    }

    /* 3: if the original target is the direct child of a floating container, we
     * can't move con next to it - floating containers have only one child - so
     * we get the workspace instead. */
    if (target->type == CT_FLOATING_CON) {
        DLOG("floatingcon, going up even further\n");
        orig_target = target;
        target = target->parent;
    }

    if (con->type == CT_FLOATING_CON) {
        Con *ws = con_get_workspace(target);
        DLOG("This is a floating window, using workspace %p / %s\n", ws, ws->name);
        target = ws;
    }

    if (source_output != dest_output) {
        /* Take the relative coordinates of the current output, then add them
         * to the coordinate space of the correct output */
        if (fix_coordinates && con->type == CT_FLOATING_CON) {
            floating_fix_coordinates(con, &(source_output->rect), &(dest_output->rect));
        } else
            DLOG("Not fixing coordinates, fix_coordinates flag = %d\n", fix_coordinates);
    }

    /* If moving a fullscreen container and the destination already has a
     * fullscreen window on it, un-fullscreen the target's fullscreen con.
     * con->fullscreen_mode is not enough in some edge cases:
     * 1. con is CT_FLOATING_CON, child is fullscreen.
     * 2. con is the parent of a fullscreen container, can be triggered by
     * moving the parent with command criteria.
     */
    Con *fullscreen = con_get_fullscreen_con(target_ws, CF_OUTPUT);
    const bool con_has_fullscreen = con->fullscreen_mode != CF_NONE ||
                                    con_get_fullscreen_con(con, CF_GLOBAL) ||
                                    con_get_fullscreen_con(con, CF_OUTPUT);
    if (con_has_fullscreen && fullscreen != NULL) {
        con_toggle_fullscreen(fullscreen, CF_OUTPUT);
        fullscreen = NULL;
    }

    DLOG("Re-attaching container to %p / %s\n", target, target->name);
    /* 4: re-attach the con to the parent of this focused container */
    Con *parent = con->parent;
    con_detach(con);
    _con_attach(con, target, behind_focused ? NULL : orig_target, !behind_focused);

    /* 5: fix the percentages */
    if (fix_percentage) {
        con_fix_percent(parent);
        con->percent = 0.0;
        con_fix_percent(target);
    }

    /* 6: focus the con on the target workspace, but only within that
     * workspace, that is, don’t move focus away if the target workspace is
     * invisible.
     * We don’t focus the con for i3 pseudo workspaces like __i3_scratch and
     * we don’t focus when there is a fullscreen con on that workspace. We
     * also don't do it if the caller requested to ignore focus. */
    if (!ignore_focus && !con_is_internal(target_ws) && !fullscreen) {
        /* We need to save the focused workspace on the output in case the
         * new workspace is hidden and it's necessary to immediately switch
         * back to the originally-focused workspace. */
        Con *old_focus_ws = TAILQ_FIRST(&(output_get_content(dest_output)->focus_head));
        Con *old_focus = focused;
        con_activate(con_descend_focused(con));

        if (old_focus_ws == current_ws && old_focus->type != CT_WORKSPACE) {
            /* Restore focus to the currently focused container. */
            con_activate(old_focus);
        } else if (con_get_workspace(focused) != old_focus_ws) {
            /* Restore focus if the output's focused workspace has changed. */
            con_focus(con_descend_focused(old_focus_ws));
        }
    }

    /* 7: when moving to another workspace, we leave the focus on the current
     * workspace. (see also #809) */
    if (!ignore_focus) {
        workspace_show(current_ws);
        if (dont_warp) {
            DLOG("x_set_warp_to(NULL) because dont_warp is set\n");
            x_set_warp_to(NULL);
        }
    }

    /* Set focus only if con was on current workspace before moving.
     * Otherwise we would give focus to some window on different workspace. */
    if (focus_next)
        con_activate(con_descend_focused(focus_next));

    /* 8. If anything within the container is associated with a startup sequence,
     * delete it so child windows won't be created on the old workspace. */
    if (!con_is_leaf(con)) {
        Con *child;
        TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
            if (!child->window)
                continue;
            startup_sequence_delete_by_window(child->window);
        }
    }

    if (con->window) {
        startup_sequence_delete_by_window(con->window);
    }

    /* 9. If the container was marked urgent, move the urgency hint. */
    if (urgent) {
        workspace_update_urgent_flag(source_ws);
        con_set_urgency(con, true);
    }

    /* Ensure the container will be redrawn. */
    FREE(con->deco_render_params);

    CALL(parent, on_remove_child);

    ipc_send_window_event("move", con);
    ewmh_update_wm_desktop();
    return true;
}

/*
 * Moves the given container to the given mark.
 *
 */
bool con_move_to_mark(Con *con, const char *mark) {
    Con *target = con_by_mark(mark);
    if (target == NULL) {
        DLOG("found no container with mark \"%s\"\n", mark);
        return false;
    }

    /* For target containers in the scratchpad, we just send the window to the scratchpad. */
    if (con_get_workspace(target) == workspace_get("__i3_scratch")) {
        DLOG("target container is in the scratchpad, moving container to scratchpad.\n");
        scratchpad_move(con);
        return true;
    }

    /* For floating target containers, we just send the window to the same workspace. */
    if (con_is_floating(target)) {
        DLOG("target container is floating, moving container to target's workspace.\n");
        con_move_to_workspace(con, con_get_workspace(target), true, false, false);
        return true;
    }

    if (target->type == CT_WORKSPACE && con_is_leaf(target)) {
        DLOG("target container is an empty workspace, simply moving the container there.\n");
        con_move_to_workspace(con, target, true, false, false);
        return true;
    }

    /* For split containers, we use the currently focused container within it.
     * This allows setting marks on, e.g., tabbed containers which will move
     * con to a new tab behind the focused tab. */
    if (con_is_split(target)) {
        DLOG("target is a split container, descending to the currently focused child.\n");
        target = TAILQ_FIRST(&(target->focus_head));
    }

    if (con == target || con_has_parent(target, con)) {
        DLOG("cannot move the container to or inside itself, aborting.\n");
        return false;
    }

    return _con_move_to_con(con, target, false, true, false, false, true);
}

/*
 * Moves the given container to the currently focused container on the given
 * workspace.
 *
 * The fix_coordinates flag will translate the current coordinates (offset from
 * the monitor position basically) to appropriate coordinates on the
 * destination workspace.
 * Not enabling this behaviour comes in handy when this function gets called by
 * floating_maybe_reassign_ws, which will only "move" a floating window when it
 * *already* changed its coordinates to a different output.
 *
 * The dont_warp flag disables pointer warping and will be set when this
 * function is called while dragging a floating window.
 *
 * If ignore_focus is set, the container will be moved without modifying focus
 * at all.
 *
 * TODO: is there a better place for this function?
 *
 */
void con_move_to_workspace(Con *con, Con *workspace, bool fix_coordinates, bool dont_warp, bool ignore_focus) {
    assert(workspace->type == CT_WORKSPACE);

    Con *source_ws = con_get_workspace(con);
    if (workspace == source_ws) {
        DLOG("Not moving, already there\n");
        return;
    }

    Con *target = con_descend_focused(workspace);
    _con_move_to_con(con, target, true, fix_coordinates, dont_warp, ignore_focus, true);
}

/*
 * Moves the given container to the currently focused container on the
 * visible workspace on the given output.
 *
 */
void con_move_to_output(Con *con, Output *output, bool fix_coordinates) {
    Con *ws = NULL;
    GREP_FIRST(ws, output_get_content(output->con), workspace_is_visible(child));
    assert(ws != NULL);
    DLOG("Moving con %p to output %s\n", con, output_primary_name(output));
    con_move_to_workspace(con, ws, fix_coordinates, false, false);
}

/*
 * Moves the given container to the currently focused container on the
 * visible workspace on the output specified by the given name.
 * The current output for the container is used to resolve relative names
 * such as left, right, up, down.
 *
 */
bool con_move_to_output_name(Con *con, const char *name, bool fix_coordinates) {
    Output *current_output = get_output_for_con(con);
    Output *output = get_output_from_string(current_output, name);
    if (output == NULL) {
        ELOG("Could not find output \"%s\"\n", name);
        return false;
    }

    con_move_to_output(con, output, fix_coordinates);
    return true;
}

/*
 * Returns the orientation of the given container (for stacked containers,
 * vertical orientation is used regardless of the actual orientation of the
 * container).
 *
 */
orientation_t con_orientation(Con *con) {
    switch (con->layout) {
        case L_SPLITV:
        /* stacking containers behave like they are in vertical orientation */
        case L_STACKED:
            return VERT;

        case L_SPLITH:
        /* tabbed containers behave like they are in vertical orientation */
        case L_TABBED:
            return HORIZ;

        case L_DEFAULT:
            ELOG("Someone called con_orientation() on a con with L_DEFAULT, this is a bug in the code.\n");
            assert(false);

        case L_DOCKAREA:
        case L_OUTPUT:
            ELOG("con_orientation() called on dockarea/output (%d) container %p\n", con->layout, con);
            assert(false);
    }
    /* should not be reached */
    assert(false);
}

/*
 * Returns the container which will be focused next when the given container
 * is not available anymore. Called in tree_close_internal and con_move_to_workspace
 * to properly restore focus.
 *
 */
Con *con_next_focused(Con *con) {
    /* dock clients cannot be focused, so we focus the workspace instead */
    if (con->parent->type == CT_DOCKAREA) {
        DLOG("selecting workspace for dock client\n");
        return con_descend_focused(output_get_content(con->parent->parent));
    }
    if (con_is_floating(con)) {
        con = con->parent;
    }

    /* if 'con' is not the first entry in the focus stack, use the first one as
     * it’s currently focused already */
    Con *next = TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->parent->focus_head));
    if (next != con) {
        DLOG("Using first entry %p\n", next);
    } else {
        /* try to focus the next container on the same level as this one or fall
         * back to its parent */
        if (!(next = TAILQ_NEXT(con, focused))) {
            next = con->parent;
        }
    }

    /* now go down the focus stack as far as
     * possible, excluding the current container */
    while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(next->focus_head)) && TAILQ_FIRST(&(next->focus_head)) != con) {
        next = TAILQ_FIRST(&(next->focus_head));
    }

    if (con->type == CT_FLOATING_CON && next != con->parent) {
        next = con_descend_focused(next);
    }

    return next;
}

/*
 * Returns the focused con inside this client, descending the tree as far as
 * possible. This comes in handy when attaching a con to a workspace at the
 * currently focused position, for example.
 *
 */
Con *con_descend_focused(Con *con) {
    Con *next = con;
    while (next != focused && !TAILQ_EMPTY(&(next->focus_head)))
        next = TAILQ_FIRST(&(next->focus_head));
    return next;
}

/*
 * Returns the focused con inside this client, descending the tree as far as
 * possible. This comes in handy when attaching a con to a workspace at the
 * currently focused position, for example.
 *
 * Works like con_descend_focused but considers only tiling cons.
 *
 */
Con *con_descend_tiling_focused(Con *con) {
    Con *next = con;
    Con *before;
    Con *child;
    if (next == focused)
        return next;
    do {
        before = next;
        TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(next->focus_head), focused) {
            if (child->type == CT_FLOATING_CON)
                continue;

            next = child;
            break;
        }
    } while (before != next && next != focused);
    return next;
}

/*
 * Returns the leftmost, rightmost, etc. container in sub-tree. For example, if
 * direction is D_LEFT, then we return the rightmost container and if direction
 * is D_RIGHT, we return the leftmost container.  This is because if we are
 * moving D_LEFT, and thus want the rightmost container.
 *
 */
Con *con_descend_direction(Con *con, direction_t direction) {
    Con *most = NULL;
    Con *current;
    int orientation = con_orientation(con);
    DLOG("con_descend_direction(%p, orientation %d, direction %d)\n", con, orientation, direction);
    if (direction == D_LEFT || direction == D_RIGHT) {
        if (orientation == HORIZ) {
            /* If the direction is horizontal, we can use either the first
             * (D_RIGHT) or the last con (D_LEFT) */
            if (direction == D_RIGHT)
                most = TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->nodes_head));
            else
                most = TAILQ_LAST(&(con->nodes_head), nodes_head);
        } else if (orientation == VERT) {
            /* Wrong orientation. We use the last focused con. Within that con,
             * we recurse to chose the left/right con or at least the last
             * focused one. */
            TAILQ_FOREACH (current, &(con->focus_head), focused) {
                if (current->type != CT_FLOATING_CON) {
                    most = current;
                    break;
                }
            }
        } else {
            /* If the con has no orientation set, it’s not a split container
             * but a container with a client window, so stop recursing */
            return con;
        }
    }

    if (direction == D_UP || direction == D_DOWN) {
        if (orientation == VERT) {
            /* If the direction is vertical, we can use either the first
             * (D_DOWN) or the last con (D_UP) */
            if (direction == D_UP)
                most = TAILQ_LAST(&(con->nodes_head), nodes_head);
            else
                most = TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->nodes_head));
        } else if (orientation == HORIZ) {
            /* Wrong orientation. We use the last focused con. Within that con,
             * we recurse to chose the top/bottom con or at least the last
             * focused one. */
            TAILQ_FOREACH (current, &(con->focus_head), focused) {
                if (current->type != CT_FLOATING_CON) {
                    most = current;
                    break;
                }
            }
        } else {
            /* If the con has no orientation set, it’s not a split container
             * but a container with a client window, so stop recursing */
            return con;
        }
    }

    if (!most)
        return con;
    return con_descend_direction(most, direction);
}

static bool has_outer_gaps(gaps_t gaps) {
    return gaps.top > 0 ||
           gaps.right > 0 ||
           gaps.bottom > 0 ||
           gaps.left > 0;
}

/*
 * Returns a "relative" Rect which contains the amount of pixels that need to
 * be added to the original Rect to get the final position (obviously the
 * amount of pixels for normal, 1pixel and borderless are different).
 *
 */
Rect con_border_style_rect(Con *con) {
    if ((config.smart_borders == SMART_BORDERS_ON && con_num_visible_children(con_get_workspace(con)) <= 1) ||
        (config.smart_borders == SMART_BORDERS_NO_GAPS && !has_outer_gaps(calculate_effective_gaps(con))) ||
        (config.hide_edge_borders == HEBM_SMART && con_num_visible_children(con_get_workspace(con)) <= 1) ||
        (config.hide_edge_borders == HEBM_SMART_NO_GAPS && con_num_visible_children(con_get_workspace(con)) <= 1 && !has_outer_gaps(calculate_effective_gaps(con)))) {
        if (!con_is_floating(con))
            return (Rect){0, 0, 0, 0};
    }

    adjacent_t borders_to_hide = ADJ_NONE;
    int border_width = con->current_border_width;
    DLOG("The border width for con is set to: %d\n", con->current_border_width);
    Rect result;
    if (con->current_border_width < 0) {
        if (con_is_floating(con)) {
            border_width = config.default_floating_border_width;
        } else {
            border_width = config.default_border_width;
        }
    }
    DLOG("Effective border width is set to: %d\n", border_width);
    /* Shortcut to avoid calling con_adjacent_borders() on dock containers. */
    int border_style = con_border_style(con);
    if (border_style == BS_NONE)
        return (Rect){0, 0, 0, 0};
    if (border_style == BS_NORMAL) {
        result = (Rect){border_width, 0, -(2 * border_width), -(border_width)};
    } else {
        result = (Rect){border_width, border_width, -(2 * border_width), -(2 * border_width)};
    }

    /* If hide_edge_borders is set to no_gaps and it did not pass the no border check, show all borders */
    if (config.hide_edge_borders == HEBM_SMART_NO_GAPS) {
        borders_to_hide = con_adjacent_borders(con) & HEBM_NONE;
    } else {
        borders_to_hide = con_adjacent_borders(con) & config.hide_edge_borders;
    }

    if (borders_to_hide & ADJ_LEFT_SCREEN_EDGE) {
        result.x -= border_width;
        result.width += border_width;
    }
    if (borders_to_hide & ADJ_RIGHT_SCREEN_EDGE) {
        result.width += border_width;
    }
    if (borders_to_hide & ADJ_UPPER_SCREEN_EDGE && (border_style != BS_NORMAL)) {
        result.y -= border_width;
        result.height += border_width;
    }
    if (borders_to_hide & ADJ_LOWER_SCREEN_EDGE) {
        result.height += border_width;
    }
    return result;
}

/*
 * Returns adjacent borders of the window. We need this if hide_edge_borders is
 * enabled.
 */
adjacent_t con_adjacent_borders(Con *con) {
    adjacent_t result = ADJ_NONE;
    /* Floating windows are never adjacent to any other window, so
       don’t hide their border(s). This prevents bug #998. */
    if (con_is_floating(con))
        return result;

    Con *workspace = con_get_workspace(con);
    if (con->rect.x == workspace->rect.x)
        result |= ADJ_LEFT_SCREEN_EDGE;
    if (con->rect.x + con->rect.width == workspace->rect.x + workspace->rect.width)
        result |= ADJ_RIGHT_SCREEN_EDGE;
    if (con->rect.y == workspace->rect.y)
        result |= ADJ_UPPER_SCREEN_EDGE;
    if (con->rect.y + con->rect.height == workspace->rect.y + workspace->rect.height)
        result |= ADJ_LOWER_SCREEN_EDGE;
    return result;
}

/*
 * Use this function to get a container’s border style. This is important
 * because when inside a stack, the border style is always BS_NORMAL.
 * For tabbed mode, the same applies, with one exception: when the container is
 * borderless and the only element in the tabbed container, the border is not
 * rendered.
 *
 * For children of a CT_DOCKAREA, the border style is always none.
 *
 */
int con_border_style(Con *con) {
    if (con->fullscreen_mode == CF_OUTPUT || con->fullscreen_mode == CF_GLOBAL) {
        DLOG("this one is fullscreen! overriding BS_NONE\n");
        return BS_NONE;
    }

    if (con->parent->layout == L_STACKED)
        return (con_num_children(con->parent) == 1 ? con->border_style : BS_NORMAL);

    if (con->parent->layout == L_TABBED && con->border_style != BS_NORMAL)
        return (con_num_children(con->parent) == 1 ? con->border_style : BS_NORMAL);

    if (con->parent->type == CT_DOCKAREA)
        return BS_NONE;

    return con->border_style;
}

/*
 * Sets the given border style on con, correctly keeping the position/size of a
 * floating window.
 *
 */
void con_set_border_style(Con *con, int border_style, int border_width) {
    /* Handle the simple case: non-floating containerns */
    if (!con_is_floating(con)) {
        con->border_style = border_style;
        con->current_border_width = border_width;
        return;
    }

    /* For floating containers, we want to keep the position/size of the
     * *window* itself. We first add the border pixels to con->rect to make
     * con->rect represent the absolute position of the window (same for
     * parent). Then, we change the border style and subtract the new border
     * pixels. For the parent, we do the same also for the decoration. */
    DLOG("This is a floating container\n");

    Con *parent = con->parent;
    Rect bsr = con_border_style_rect(con);
    int deco_height = (con->border_style == BS_NORMAL ? render_deco_height() : 0);

    con->rect = rect_add(con->rect, bsr);
    parent->rect = rect_add(parent->rect, bsr);
    parent->rect.y += deco_height;
    parent->rect.height -= deco_height;

    /* Change the border style, get new border/decoration values. */
    con->border_style = border_style;
    con->current_border_width = border_width;
    bsr = con_border_style_rect(con);
    deco_height = (con->border_style == BS_NORMAL ? render_deco_height() : 0);

    con->rect = rect_sub(con->rect, bsr);
    parent->rect = rect_sub(parent->rect, bsr);
    parent->rect.y -= deco_height;
    parent->rect.height += deco_height;
}

/*
 * This function changes the layout of a given container. Use it to handle
 * special cases like changing a whole workspace to stacked/tabbed (creates a
 * new split container before).
 *
 */
void con_set_layout(Con *con, layout_t layout) {
    DLOG("con_set_layout(%p, %d), con->type = %d\n",
         con, layout, con->type);

    /* Users can focus workspaces, but not any higher in the hierarchy.
     * Focus on the workspace is a special case, since in every other case, the
     * user means "change the layout of the parent split container". */
    if (con->type != CT_WORKSPACE)
        con = con->parent;

    /* We fill in last_split_layout when switching to a different layout
     * since there are many places in the code that don’t use
     * con_set_layout(). */
    if (con->layout == L_SPLITH || con->layout == L_SPLITV)
        con->last_split_layout = con->layout;

    /* When the container type is CT_WORKSPACE, the user wants to change the
     * whole workspace into stacked/tabbed mode. To do this and still allow
     * intuitive operations (like level-up and then opening a new window), we
     * need to create a new split container. */
    if (con->type == CT_WORKSPACE) {
        if (con_num_children(con) == 0) {
            layout_t ws_layout = (layout == L_STACKED || layout == L_TABBED) ? layout : L_DEFAULT;
            DLOG("Setting workspace_layout to %d\n", ws_layout);
            con->workspace_layout = ws_layout;
            DLOG("Setting layout to %d\n", layout);
            con->layout = layout;
        } else if (layout == L_STACKED || layout == L_TABBED || layout == L_SPLITV || layout == L_SPLITH) {
            DLOG("Creating new split container\n");
            /* 1: create a new split container */
            Con *new = con_new(NULL, NULL);
            new->parent = con;

            /* 2: Set the requested layout on the split container and mark it as
             * split. */
            new->layout = layout;
            new->last_split_layout = con->last_split_layout;

            /* 3: move the existing cons of this workspace below the new con */
            Con **focus_order = get_focus_order(con);

            DLOG("Moving cons\n");
            Con *child;
            while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->nodes_head))) {
                child = TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->nodes_head));
                con_detach(child);
                con_attach(child, new, true);
            }

            set_focus_order(new, focus_order);
            free(focus_order);

            /* 4: attach the new split container to the workspace */
            DLOG("Attaching new split to ws\n");
            con_attach(new, con, false);

            tree_flatten(croot);
        }
        con_force_split_parents_redraw(con);
        return;
    }

    if (layout == L_DEFAULT) {
        /* Special case: the layout formerly known as "default" (in combination
         * with an orientation). Since we switched to splith/splitv layouts,
         * using the "default" layout (which "only" should happen when using
         * legacy configs) is using the last split layout (either splith or
         * splitv) in order to still do the same thing. */
        con->layout = con->last_split_layout;
        /* In case last_split_layout was not initialized… */
        if (con->layout == L_DEFAULT)
            con->layout = L_SPLITH;
    } else {
        con->layout = layout;
    }
    con_force_split_parents_redraw(con);
}

/*
 * This function toggles the layout of a given container. toggle_mode can be
 * either 'default' (toggle only between stacked/tabbed/last_split_layout),
 * 'split' (toggle only between splitv/splith) or 'all' (toggle between all
 * layouts).
 *
 */
void con_toggle_layout(Con *con, const char *toggle_mode) {
    Con *parent = con;
    /* Users can focus workspaces, but not any higher in the hierarchy.
     * Focus on the workspace is a special case, since in every other case, the
     * user means "change the layout of the parent split container". */
    if (con->type != CT_WORKSPACE)
        parent = con->parent;
    DLOG("con_toggle_layout(%p, %s), parent = %p\n", con, toggle_mode, parent);

    const char delim[] = " ";

    if (strcasecmp(toggle_mode, "split") == 0 || strstr(toggle_mode, delim)) {
        /* L_DEFAULT is used as a placeholder value to distinguish if
         * the first layout has already been saved. (it can never be L_DEFAULT) */
        layout_t new_layout = L_DEFAULT;
        bool current_layout_found = false;
        char *tm_dup = sstrdup(toggle_mode);
        char *cur_tok = strtok(tm_dup, delim);

        for (layout_t layout; cur_tok != NULL; cur_tok = strtok(NULL, delim)) {
            if (strcasecmp(cur_tok, "split") == 0) {
                /* Toggle between splits. When the current layout is not a split
                 * layout, we just switch back to last_split_layout. Otherwise, we
                 * change to the opposite split layout. */
                if (parent->layout != L_SPLITH && parent->layout != L_SPLITV) {
                    layout = parent->last_split_layout;
                    /* In case last_split_layout was not initialized… */
                    if (layout == L_DEFAULT) {
                        layout = L_SPLITH;
                    }
                } else {
                    layout = (parent->layout == L_SPLITH) ? L_SPLITV : L_SPLITH;
                }
            } else {
                bool success = layout_from_name(cur_tok, &layout);
                if (!success || layout == L_DEFAULT) {
                    ELOG("The token '%s' was not recognized and has been skipped.\n", cur_tok);
                    continue;
                }
            }

            /* If none of the specified layouts match the current,
             * fall back to the first layout in the list */
            if (new_layout == L_DEFAULT) {
                new_layout = layout;
            }

            /* We found the active layout in the last iteration, so
             * now let's activate the current layout (next in list) */
            if (current_layout_found) {
                new_layout = layout;
                break;
            }

            if (parent->layout == layout) {
                current_layout_found = true;
            }
        }
        free(tm_dup);

        if (new_layout != L_DEFAULT) {
            con_set_layout(con, new_layout);
        }
    } else if (strcasecmp(toggle_mode, "all") == 0 || strcasecmp(toggle_mode, "default") == 0) {
        if (parent->layout == L_STACKED)
            con_set_layout(con, L_TABBED);
        else if (parent->layout == L_TABBED) {
            if (strcasecmp(toggle_mode, "all") == 0)
                con_set_layout(con, L_SPLITH);
            else
                con_set_layout(con, parent->last_split_layout);
        } else if (parent->layout == L_SPLITH || parent->layout == L_SPLITV) {
            if (strcasecmp(toggle_mode, "all") == 0) {
                /* When toggling through all modes, we toggle between
                 * splith/splitv, whereas normally we just directly jump to
                 * stacked. */
                if (parent->layout == L_SPLITH)
                    con_set_layout(con, L_SPLITV);
                else
                    con_set_layout(con, L_STACKED);
            } else {
                con_set_layout(con, L_STACKED);
            }
        }
    }
}

/*
 * Callback which will be called when removing a child from the given con.
 * Kills the container if it is empty and replaces it with the child if there
 * is exactly one child.
 *
 */
static void con_on_remove_child(Con *con) {
    DLOG("on_remove_child\n");

    /* Every container 'above' (in the hierarchy) the workspace content should
     * not be closed when the last child was removed */
    if (con->type == CT_OUTPUT ||
        con->type == CT_ROOT ||
        con->type == CT_DOCKAREA ||
        (con->parent != NULL && con->parent->type == CT_OUTPUT)) {
        DLOG("not handling, type = %d, name = %s\n", con->type, con->name);
        return;
    }

    /* For workspaces, close them only if they're not visible anymore */
    if (con->type == CT_WORKSPACE) {
        if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->focus_head)) && !workspace_is_visible(con)) {
            LOG("Closing old workspace (%p / %s), it is empty\n", con, con->name);
            yajl_gen gen = ipc_marshal_workspace_event("empty", con, NULL);
            tree_close_internal(con, DONT_KILL_WINDOW, false);

            const unsigned char *payload;
            ylength length;
            y(get_buf, &payload, &length);
            ipc_send_event("workspace", I3_IPC_EVENT_WORKSPACE, (const char *)payload);

            y(free);
        }
        return;
    }

    con_force_split_parents_redraw(con);
    con->urgent = con_has_urgent_child(con);
    con_update_parents_urgency(con);

    /* TODO: check if this container would swallow any other client and
     * don’t close it automatically. */
    int children = con_num_children(con);
    if (children == 0) {
        DLOG("Container empty, closing\n");
        tree_close_internal(con, DONT_KILL_WINDOW, false);
        return;
    }
}

/*
 * Determines the minimum size of the given con by looking at its children (for
 * split/stacked/tabbed cons). Will be called when resizing floating cons
 *
 */
Rect con_minimum_size(Con *con) {
    DLOG("Determining minimum size for con %p\n", con);

    if (con_is_leaf(con)) {
        DLOG("leaf node, returning 75x50\n");
        return (Rect){0, 0, 75, 50};
    }

    if (con->type == CT_FLOATING_CON) {
        DLOG("floating con\n");
        Con *child = TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->nodes_head));
        return con_minimum_size(child);
    }

    if (con->layout == L_STACKED || con->layout == L_TABBED) {
        uint32_t max_width = 0, max_height = 0, deco_height = 0;
        Con *child;
        TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
            Rect min = con_minimum_size(child);
            deco_height += child->deco_rect.height;
            max_width = max(max_width, min.width);
            max_height = max(max_height, min.height);
        }
        DLOG("stacked/tabbed now, returning %d x %d + deco_rect = %d\n",
             max_width, max_height, deco_height);
        return (Rect){0, 0, max_width, max_height + deco_height};
    }

    /* For horizontal/vertical split containers we sum up the width (h-split)
     * or height (v-split) and use the maximum of the height (h-split) or width
     * (v-split) as minimum size. */
    if (con_is_split(con)) {
        uint32_t width = 0, height = 0;
        Con *child;
        TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
            Rect min = con_minimum_size(child);
            if (con->layout == L_SPLITH) {
                width += min.width;
                height = max(height, min.height);
            } else {
                height += min.height;
                width = max(width, min.width);
            }
        }
        DLOG("split container, returning width = %d x height = %d\n", width, height);
        return (Rect){0, 0, width, height};
    }

    ELOG("Unhandled case, type = %d, layout = %d, split = %d\n",
         con->type, con->layout, con_is_split(con));
    assert(false);
}

/*
 * Returns true if changing the focus to con would be allowed considering
 * the fullscreen focus constraints. Specifically, if a fullscreen container or
 * any of its descendants is focused, this function returns true if and only if
 * focusing con would mean that focus would still be visible on screen, i.e.,
 * the newly focused container would not be obscured by a fullscreen container.
 *
 * In the simplest case, if a fullscreen container or any of its descendants is
 * fullscreen, this functions returns true if con is the fullscreen container
 * itself or any of its descendants, as this means focus wouldn't escape the
 * boundaries of the fullscreen container.
 *
 * In case the fullscreen container is of type CF_OUTPUT, this function returns
 * true if con is on a different workspace, as focus wouldn't be obscured by
 * the fullscreen container that is constrained to a different workspace.
 *
 * Note that this same logic can be applied to moving containers. If a
 * container can be focused under the fullscreen focus constraints, it can also
 * become a parent or sibling to the currently focused container.
 *
 */
bool con_fullscreen_permits_focusing(Con *con) {
    /* No focus, no problem. */
    if (!focused)
        return true;

    /* Find the first fullscreen ascendent. */
    Con *fs = focused;
    while (fs && fs->fullscreen_mode == CF_NONE)
        fs = fs->parent;

    /* fs must be non-NULL since the workspace con doesn’t have CF_NONE and
     * there always has to be a workspace con in the hierarchy. */
    assert(fs != NULL);
    /* The most common case is we hit the workspace level. In this
     * situation, changing focus is also harmless. */
    assert(fs->fullscreen_mode != CF_NONE);
    if (fs->type == CT_WORKSPACE)
        return true;

    /* Allow it if the container itself is the fullscreen container. */
    if (con == fs)
        return true;

    /* If fullscreen is per-output, the focus being in a different workspace is
     * sufficient to guarantee that change won't leave fullscreen in bad shape. */
    if (fs->fullscreen_mode == CF_OUTPUT &&
        con_get_workspace(con) != con_get_workspace(fs)) {
        return true;
    }

    /* Allow it only if the container to be focused is contained within the
     * current fullscreen container. */
    return con_has_parent(con, fs);
}

/*
 *
 * Checks if the given container has an urgent child.
 *
 */
bool con_has_urgent_child(Con *con) {
    Con *child;

    if (con_is_leaf(con))
        return con->urgent;

    /* We are not interested in floating windows since they can only be
     * attached to a workspace → nodes_head instead of focus_head */
    TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
        if (con_has_urgent_child(child))
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}

/*
 * Make all parent containers urgent if con is urgent or clear the urgent flag
 * of all parent containers if there are no more urgent children left.
 *
 */
void con_update_parents_urgency(Con *con) {
    Con *parent = con->parent;

    /* Urgency hints should not be set on any container higher up in the
     * hierarchy than the workspace level. Unfortunately, since the content
     * container has type == CT_CON, that’s not easy to verify in the loop
     * below, so we need another condition to catch that case: */
    if (con->type == CT_WORKSPACE)
        return;

    bool new_urgency_value = con->urgent;
    while (parent && parent->type != CT_WORKSPACE && parent->type != CT_DOCKAREA) {
        if (new_urgency_value) {
            parent->urgent = true;
        } else {
            /* We can only reset the urgency when the parent
             * has no other urgent children */
            if (!con_has_urgent_child(parent))
                parent->urgent = false;
        }
        parent = parent->parent;
    }
}

/*
 * Set urgency flag to the container, all the parent containers and the workspace.
 *
 */
void con_set_urgency(Con *con, bool urgent) {
    if (urgent && focused == con) {
        DLOG("Ignoring urgency flag for current client\n");
        return;
    }

    const bool old_urgent = con->urgent;

    if (con->urgency_timer == NULL) {
        con->urgent = urgent;
    } else
        DLOG("Discarding urgency WM_HINT because timer is running\n");

    //CLIENT_LOG(con);
    if (con->window) {
        if (con->urgent) {
            gettimeofday(&con->window->urgent, NULL);
        } else {
            con->window->urgent.tv_sec = 0;
            con->window->urgent.tv_usec = 0;
        }
    }

    con_update_parents_urgency(con);

    Con *ws;
    /* Set the urgency flag on the workspace, if a workspace could be found
     * (for dock clients, that is not the case). */
    if ((ws = con_get_workspace(con)) != NULL)
        workspace_update_urgent_flag(ws);

    if (con->urgent != old_urgent) {
        LOG("Urgency flag changed to %d\n", con->urgent);
        ipc_send_window_event("urgent", con);
    }
}

/*
 * Create a string representing the subtree under con.
 *
 */
char *con_get_tree_representation(Con *con) {
    /* this code works as follows:
     *  1) create a string with the layout type (D/V/H/T/S) and an opening bracket
     *  2) append the tree representation of the children to the string
     *  3) add closing bracket
     *
     * The recursion ends when we hit a leaf, in which case we return the
     * class_instance of the contained window.
     */

    /* end of recursion */
    if (con_is_leaf(con)) {
        if (!con->window)
            return sstrdup("nowin");

        if (!con->window->class_instance)
            return sstrdup("noinstance");

        return sstrdup(con->window->class_instance);
    }

    char *buf;
    /* 1) add the Layout type to buf */
    if (con->layout == L_DEFAULT)
        buf = sstrdup("D[");
    else if (con->layout == L_SPLITV)
        buf = sstrdup("V[");
    else if (con->layout == L_SPLITH)
        buf = sstrdup("H[");
    else if (con->layout == L_TABBED)
        buf = sstrdup("T[");
    else if (con->layout == L_STACKED)
        buf = sstrdup("S[");
    else {
        ELOG("BUG: Code not updated to account for new layout type\n");
        assert(false);
    }

    /* 2) append representation of children */
    Con *child;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (child, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
        char *child_txt = con_get_tree_representation(child);

        char *tmp_buf;
        sasprintf(&tmp_buf, "%s%s%s", buf,
                  (TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->nodes_head)) == child ? "" : " "), child_txt);
        free(buf);
        buf = tmp_buf;
        free(child_txt);
    }

    /* 3) close the brackets */
    char *complete_buf;
    sasprintf(&complete_buf, "%s]", buf);
    free(buf);

    return complete_buf;
}

/**
 * Calculates the effective gap sizes for a container.
 */
gaps_t calculate_effective_gaps(Con *con) {
    Con *workspace = con_get_workspace(con);
    if (workspace == NULL)
        return (gaps_t){0, 0, 0, 0, 0};

    bool one_child = con_num_visible_children(workspace) <= 1 ||
                     (con_num_children(workspace) == 1 &&
                      (TAILQ_FIRST(&(workspace->nodes_head))->layout == L_TABBED ||
                       TAILQ_FIRST(&(workspace->nodes_head))->layout == L_STACKED));

    if (config.smart_gaps == SMART_GAPS_ON && one_child)
        return (gaps_t){0, 0, 0, 0, 0};

    gaps_t gaps = {
        .inner = (workspace->gaps.inner + config.gaps.inner) / 2,
        .top = 0,
        .right = 0,
        .bottom = 0,
        .left = 0};

    if (config.smart_gaps != SMART_GAPS_INVERSE_OUTER || one_child) {
        gaps.top = workspace->gaps.top + config.gaps.top;
        gaps.right = workspace->gaps.right + config.gaps.right;
        gaps.bottom = workspace->gaps.bottom + config.gaps.bottom;
        gaps.left = workspace->gaps.left + config.gaps.left;
    }

    /* Outer gaps are added on top of inner gaps. */
    gaps.top += 2 * gaps.inner;
    gaps.right += 2 * gaps.inner;
    gaps.bottom += 2 * gaps.inner;
    gaps.left += 2 * gaps.inner;

    return gaps;
}

/*
 * Returns the container's title considering the current title format.
 *
 */
i3String *con_parse_title_format(Con *con) {
    assert(con->title_format != NULL);

    i3Window *win = con->window;

    /* We need to ensure that we only escape the window title if pango
     * is used by the current font. */
    const bool pango_markup = font_is_pango();

    char *title;
    char *class;
    char *instance;
    if (win == NULL) {
        title = pango_escape_markup(con_get_tree_representation(con));
        class = sstrdup("i3-frame");
        instance = sstrdup("i3-frame");
    } else {
        title = pango_escape_markup(sstrdup((win->name == NULL) ? "" : i3string_as_utf8(win->name)));
        class = pango_escape_markup(sstrdup((win->class_class == NULL) ? "" : win->class_class));
        instance = pango_escape_markup(sstrdup((win->class_instance == NULL) ? "" : win->class_instance));
    }

    placeholder_t placeholders[] = {
        {.name = "%title", .value = title},
        {.name = "%class", .value = class},
        {.name = "%instance", .value = instance}};
    const size_t num = sizeof(placeholders) / sizeof(placeholder_t);

    char *formatted_str = format_placeholders(con->title_format, &placeholders[0], num);
    i3String *formatted = i3string_from_utf8(formatted_str);
    i3string_set_markup(formatted, pango_markup);

    free(formatted_str);
    free(title);
    free(class);
    free(instance);

    return formatted;
}

/*
 * Swaps the two containers.
 *
 */
bool con_swap(Con *first, Con *second) {
    assert(first != NULL);
    assert(second != NULL);
    DLOG("Swapping containers %p / %p\n", first, second);

    if (first->type != CT_CON) {
        ELOG("Only regular containers can be swapped, but found con = %p with type = %d.\n", first, first->type);
        return false;
    }

    if (second->type != CT_CON) {
        ELOG("Only regular containers can be swapped, but found con = %p with type = %d.\n", second, second->type);
        return false;
    }

    if (first == second) {
        DLOG("Swapping container %p with itself, nothing to do.\n", first);
        return false;
    }

    if (con_has_parent(first, second) || con_has_parent(second, first)) {
        ELOG("Cannot swap containers %p and %p because they are in a parent-child relationship.\n", first, second);
        return false;
    }

    Con *ws1 = con_get_workspace(first);
    Con *ws2 = con_get_workspace(second);
    Con *restore_focus = NULL;
    if (ws1 == ws2 && ws1 == con_get_workspace(focused)) {
        /* Preserve focus in the current workspace. */
        restore_focus = focused;
    } else if (first == focused || con_has_parent(focused, first)) {
        restore_focus = second;
    } else if (second == focused || con_has_parent(focused, second)) {
        restore_focus = first;
    }

#define SWAP_CONS_IN_TREE(headname, field)                            \
    do {                                                              \
        struct headname *head1 = &(first->parent->headname);          \
        struct headname *head2 = &(second->parent->headname);         \
        Con *first_prev = TAILQ_PREV(first, headname, field);         \
        Con *second_prev = TAILQ_PREV(second, headname, field);       \
        if (second_prev == first) {                                   \
            TAILQ_SWAP(first, second, head1, field);                  \
        } else if (first_prev == second) {                            \
            TAILQ_SWAP(second, first, head1, field);                  \
        } else {                                                      \
            TAILQ_REMOVE(head1, first, field);                        \
            TAILQ_REMOVE(head2, second, field);                       \
            if (second_prev == NULL) {                                \
                TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(head2, first, field);               \
            } else {                                                  \
                TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(head2, second_prev, first, field); \
            }                                                         \
            if (first_prev == NULL) {                                 \
                TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(head1, second, field);              \
            } else {                                                  \
                TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(head1, first_prev, second, field); \
            }                                                         \
        }                                                             \
    } while (0)

    SWAP_CONS_IN_TREE(nodes_head, nodes);
    SWAP_CONS_IN_TREE(focus_head, focused);
    SWAP(first->parent, second->parent, Con *);

    /* Floating nodes are children of CT_FLOATING_CONs, they are listed in
     * nodes_head and focus_head like all other containers. Thus, we don't need
     * to do anything special other than swapping the floating status and the
     * relevant rects. */
    SWAP(first->floating, second->floating, int);
    SWAP(first->rect, second->rect, Rect);
    SWAP(first->window_rect, second->window_rect, Rect);

    /* We need to copy each other's percentages to ensure that the geometry
     * doesn't change during the swap. */
    SWAP(first->percent, second->percent, double);

    if (restore_focus) {
        con_focus(restore_focus);
    }

    /* Update new parents' & workspaces' urgency. */
    con_set_urgency(first, first->urgent);
    con_set_urgency(second, second->urgent);

    /* Exchange fullscreen modes, can't use SWAP because we need to call the
     * correct functions. */
    fullscreen_mode_t second_fullscreen_mode = second->fullscreen_mode;
    if (first->fullscreen_mode == CF_NONE) {
        con_disable_fullscreen(second);
    } else {
        con_enable_fullscreen(second, first->fullscreen_mode);
    }
    if (second_fullscreen_mode == CF_NONE) {
        con_disable_fullscreen(first);
    } else {
        con_enable_fullscreen(first, second_fullscreen_mode);
    }

    /* We don't actually need this since percentages-wise we haven't changed
     * anything, but we'll better be safe than sorry and just make sure as we'd
     * otherwise crash i3. */
    con_fix_percent(first->parent);
    con_fix_percent(second->parent);

    FREE(first->deco_render_params);
    FREE(second->deco_render_params);
    con_force_split_parents_redraw(first);
    con_force_split_parents_redraw(second);

    return true;
}

/*
 * Returns container's rect size depending on its orientation.
 * i.e. its width when horizontal, its height when vertical.
 *
 */
uint32_t con_rect_size_in_orientation(Con *con) {
    return (con_orientation(con) == HORIZ ? con->rect.width : con->rect.height);
}

/*
 * Merges container specific data that should move with the window (e.g. marks,
 * title format, and the window itself) into another container, and closes the
 * old container.
 *
 */
void con_merge_into(Con *old, Con *new) {
    new->window = old->window;
    old->window = NULL;

    if (old->title_format) {
        FREE(new->title_format);
        new->title_format = old->title_format;
        old->title_format = NULL;
    }

    if (old->sticky_group) {
        FREE(new->sticky_group);
        new->sticky_group = old->sticky_group;
        old->sticky_group = NULL;
    }

    new->sticky = old->sticky;

    con_set_urgency(new, old->urgent);

    mark_t *mark;
    TAILQ_FOREACH (mark, &(old->marks_head), marks) {
        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(new->marks_head), mark, marks);
        ipc_send_window_event("mark", new);
    }
    new->mark_changed = (TAILQ_FIRST(&(old->marks_head)) != NULL);
    TAILQ_INIT(&(old->marks_head));

    tree_close_internal(old, DONT_KILL_WINDOW, false);
}